--- title: "Case 5: Wind and solar" canonical: "https://wiki.groenkennisnet.nl/space/KAS/312344748/Case%205%3A%20Wind%20and%20solar" format: markdown --- > Macro (toc) ## Introduction A part of the electricity consumption of a greenhouse can be covered by green electricity from [wind ](https://wiki-groenkennisnet.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KASE/pages/131268651)and [photo voltaics](https://wiki-groenkennisnet.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KASE/pages/130842715) (PV). This case shows the coverage for different scenarios, using a [heat pump](https://wiki-groenkennisnet.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KASE/pages/233734249), [geothermal](https://wiki-groenkennisnet.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KASE/pages/130973754) heat and a standard [boiler](https://wiki-groenkennisnet.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KASE/pages/130908242) with or without [illumination](https://wiki-groenkennisnet.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KASE/pages/130908207). Impact of wind and solar electricity on the greenhouse energy footprint: - Energy use: The ammount of purchased electricity from the public grid can be reduced by wind and PV electricity, but the total use will not change. With a battery the purchase and feed-in of grid electricity will decrease slightly, but the total use will increase a bit because of losses during storage. - CO2 footprint: This depends greatly on how “[green](https://www.digigreenhouse.wur.nl/kasEnergiewijzer/backend/help/en/co2emissiongrid/true)” the grid electricity is. If CO2 emission is associated with the public grid, then wind and solar can reduce the CO2 footprint. If grid electricity is regarded as 100% renewable, the CO2 footprint will not change. ## Scenarios In this case different combinations with wind and solar (PV) are reviewed. The following scenarios are compared: 1. LED + wind + PV (Standard boiler with illumination and without [CHP](https://wiki-groenkennisnet.atlassian.net/wiki/spaces/KASE/pages/130842701)) 2. Heat pump + wind + PV (with heat recovery and seasonal heat storage) 3. Geothermal heat + wind + PV (with a standard boiler) 4. LED + wind + PV + Battery (Like 1. but using a battery) With the following assumptions: - Tomato cultivation in a modern Venlo greenhouse in [The Netherlands](https://www.digigreenhouse.wur.nl/kasEnergiewijzer/backend/help/en/location) - [RTR](https://www.digigreenhouse.wur.nl/kasEnergiewijzer/backend/help/en/rtr)-based temperature control, aiming to a fixed ratio between temperature and radiation - Two [energy screens](https://www.digigreenhouse.wur.nl/kasEnergiewijzer/backend/help/en/screens), in case of illumination the 2nd screen is a blackout screen. - A heat buffer that allows for running the boiler during daytime for CO2 - Illumination with 180 micromol/(m2 s) [intensity](https://www.digigreenhouse.wur.nl/kasEnergiewijzer/backend/help/nl/intensity) (scenarios 1 and 4) - CO2 dosing from boiler flue gases and additional pure CO2 - Wind peak power is 50 kW/ha, which comes down to a wind turbine of 500 kW in on a 10 ha greenhouse. As a reference, the turbines next to the A12 in Waddinxveen (2009) produce 500 kW peak each. - PV peak power is 75 kW/ha, which means that the industial building (assumed 5% of the greenhouse area) are fully covered with panels of 150 Wattpeak per m2 panel. - 150 kWh/ha battery capacity (scenario 4). The configuration differences between the scenarios are shown in the table below. ![image](media://73a3aabe-83c9-414c-be01-b3e0d3342f4c) The goal of this case is to show the order of magnitude of the contribution of wind and PV with respect to the electricty demand of illumination, a heat pump and geothermal heat. The table below shows that only for geothermal heat the producted electricity from wind an PV covers the demand for more than 100%. The produced 13 kWh/m2 is only a fraction of the required 131 kWh/m2 needed for illumination. In case of the heat pump, about 1/3 is covered. When using a battery the electricity grid exchange is a slightly lower but the total consumption increases. ![image](media://95feef75-46bc-4ab4-8435-73e6073a1322) Order of magnitudes are shown at a glance in the figure below. ![image](media://0cceb3fd-c92d-4309-8d5a-63fc61d514ea) > 📝 ## Conclusions > 📝 > 📝 - Only for geothermal heat the producted electricity from wind an PV covers the demand for more than 100%. > 📝 - In case of the heat pump, about 30% is covered > 📝 - The electricity from wind and PV is only a small fraction of the electricity demand of illumination. > 📝 - When using a battery the electricity grid exchange is a slightly lower but the total consumption increases a bit. Looking for a business partner for support or advise, please visit one of the [Club of 100 members](https://www.wur.nl/nl/onderzoek-resultaten/onderzoeksinstituten/plant-research/glastuinbouw/club-van-100/leden-van-de-club-van-100.htm). ## Simulate ![image](media://d27f126a-eca8-4f59-9587-313ff1954a2a) [Scenario 1](https://digigreenhouse.wur.nl/kasEnergiewijzer/#?scenario=5.1%20LED%20Wind%2BPV) [Scenario 2](https://digigreenhouse.wur.nl/kasEnergiewijzer/#?scenario=5.2%20HP%20Wind%2BPV) [Scenario 3](https://digigreenhouse.wur.nl/kasEnergiewijzer/#?scenario=5.3%20Geothrm%20Wind%2BPV) [Scenario 4](https://digigreenhouse.wur.nl/kasEnergiewijzer/#?scenario=5.4%20LED%20Wind%2BPV%2BBattery) ![image](media://92272299-b8dd-4288-a0a1-4b78a063a285)